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   →  link to full article    Ammonia (NH3) is toxic to fish at concentrations exceeding 0.1 mg NH3/ L, which can be particularly problematic for confined ecosystems such as ornamental aquaria, ponds, and recirculating aquaculture systems. Ammonia so
   source   :  The Nitrogen Cycle: Part One (Ammonia Oxidizers)   The oxidation of ammonia (NH3) to nitrite (NO2 −) is essential for nutrient turnover in most freshwater and marine waters as well as in soils. The three groups of microorganisms that o
   source   :  The Nitrogen Cycle: Part Two (Nitrite Oxidizers)   Nitrite-oxidizers catalyze the second step of nitrification: nitrite oxidation to nitrate. Like the ammonia oxidizers, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) play a major role in global biog
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